Devices are needed to follow a protocol so the interrupt-request (IRQ) traces is usually shared. The PCI bus contains 4 interrupt strains, INTA# via INTD#, all of which can be found to every machine. Around eight PCI equipment share the identical IRQ line (INTINA# by way of INTINH#) in APIC-enabled https://nathanlabsadvisory.com/navigating-the-2025-cybersecurity-threat-landscape/